Hluboká Castle was originally founded as a guard castle in the middle of the 13th century by Czech kings and as a royal property it was often pledged. Several noble families took turns in possession. Among the most important were the Pernštejn family, who founded the nearby Bezdrev pond in 1490, the second largest in Bohemia. An important noble family of the Lords of Hradec purchased the Hluboka estate in 1561. Two years later, the new owners had the original Gothic castle rebuilt into a Renaissance chateau. At the end of the 16th century, the next owner of the estate was the Malovec family from Malovice, but as Protestants they lost the estate in 1619 and four years later, as compensation for war debts, the estate was acquired from Emperor Ferdinand II. The Spanish general Don Balthazar de Marradas. In 1661, Jan Adolf I. Schwarzenberg bought Hluboka from his nephew.

The Schwarzenbergs stayed at Hluboká until the end of 1939, when the last owner, Dr. Adolf, emigrated overseas to escape the Nazis. They finally lost their property by a special law Lex Schwarzenberg in 1947. Thanks to their well-managed property and extensive economic activities, the Schwarzenbergs twice rebuilt Hluboká Chateau, first in the early 18th century in the Baroque style, and later carried out an extensive reconstruction of the chateau in the Romantic New Gothic style between 1840 and 1871, including the landscaping of the park and surrounding landscape. It was rebuilt under the influence of the travels of the then owner, Prince Jan Adolf II of Schwarzenberg and his wife Princess Eleonora, née Princess Liechtenstein, to England. The main model for the project was the royal castle of Windsor. The reconstruction was started according to the plans of the Viennese architect Franz Beer, after his death the Schwarzenberg architect Damasius Deworetzky continued to design the magnificent interiors.